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Jia Kui, courtesy name Liangdao, was originally named Qu, later changed to Kui. He was born in Xiangling County, Hedong Prefecture.

He was the father of Jia Chong, a minister of the Western Jin Dynasty, and the grandfather of Jia Nanfeng, the empress of Emperor Hui of Jin. Jia Kui was a minister and general of the Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.

Jia Kui successively entered the government as a county official, and served as county magistrate and county governor.

During the late Han Dynasty, he entered the Prime Minister Cao Cao's mansion as a chief clerk and gained Cao Cao's trust.

In the 220th year of Jian'an ( AD), Cao Cao died of illness in Luoyang. Jia Kui actively presided over the funeral, resolutely eliminated the discussion of keeping the funeral secret, held Cao Cao's funeral in a timely manner, protected the imperial seal and ribbon, and led Cao Cao's coffin back to Yecheng.

"Cao Pi appointed him as the prefect of Ye, and later transferred him to be the governor of Weijun. After Cao Pi succeeded to the throne, he appointed him as the governor of Yuzhou, responsible for handling the military affairs in the Jiangxia area with Sun Wu, and conferred him the title of Guannei Hou, and later promoted him to Yangliting Hou."

"In the second year of Taihe (228), Jia Kui, Cao Xiu and Sima Yi launched an attack on Sun Wu. He led Man Chong, Hu Zhi and others from Xiyang to attack the Wu army's stronghold Dongguan."

"When Cao Xiu was besieged by Wu's army at Shiting, Jia Kui successfully repelled the Wu army, rescued Cao Xiu, and preserved the main force of the Wei army."

"Jia Kui achieved a lot during his tenure. He organized the people to vigorously develop water conservancy and improved the irrigation conditions of local farmland,"

"At the same time, some rivers in the Central Plains were dredged and a canal of more than 200 miles was opened, which provided convenience for transportation and was therefore known as the 'Jiahou Canal'."

"In the second year of Taihe (228 AD), Jia Kui died in office at the age of fifty-four, and was posthumously given the title of Marquis Su."

"After Jia Kui's death, he was missed by the officials and people of Yuzhou. They carved his stone statue, erected a stele, and built a temple to commemorate his achievements."

"Jia Kui's family name is well-known, but he was orphaned at a young age and his family was very poor. He didn't even have cotton trousers in winter."

"Once, he stayed overnight at his brother-in-law Liu Fu's house. After daybreak, he had no choice but to leave wearing Liu Fu's pants."

"In the seventh year of Jian'an (202 AD), Yuan Shang appointed Guo Yuan as governor of Hedong and sent him to contact Gao Gan, the governor of Bingzhou, and to contact the Chanyu of the Southern Xiongnu. The three armies joined forces to contain Cao's army nearby."

"Guo Yuan attacked Hedong and conquered every city he passed through, except Jiangyi, which was defended by Jia Kui and could not be taken down no matter what he did."

"He summoned the Chanyu of the South and led his army to attack. Jia Kui was alone and could not resist, and the city was about to be captured."

"At this time, in order to avoid being massacred after the city was captured, the elders of Jiangyi had no choice but to surrender to Guo Yuan and acknowledge him as the new governor. However, they also made an agreement with Guo Yuan that they could not kill the county magistrate Jia Kui."

"Guo Yuan had heard of Jia Kui's fame and admired his talent, so he wanted to recruit him, so he sent troops to capture him."

"When Guo Yuan met Jia Kui, he asked Jia Kui to kowtow to him, the new governor. Jia Kui not only refused to kowtow, but also rebuked him righteously."

"Guo Yuan was so angry that he ordered Jia Kui to be executed. When the officials and people of Jiangyi heard the news, they all stood on the city wall and shouted:"

"Guo Yuan's entourage was also deeply moved by Jia Kui's integrity and pleaded for him. Guo Yuan had no choice but to pardon Jia Kui."

"Before this war, Jia Kui once passed by Pi's house and saw that the terrain here was dangerous,"

"When Jiangyi City was about to fall, he first sent someone to secretly return the seal to the county, and told the county governor to quickly occupy Pi's city."

"After Guo Yuan captured Jiangyi, he prepared to continue his advance. Jia Kui was afraid that he would capture Pishi first, so he used a trick to confuse Guo Yuan's adviser Zhu Ao, and Guo Yuan was delayed for seven days."

"The county magistrate listened to Jia Kui's advice and occupied Pi's city, which prevented the entire county from falling."

"Later, Guo Yuan imprisoned Jia Kui in Huguan, put him in an earthen cellar, covered the cellar entrance with a wheel, and sent people to guard it, preparing to kill him at the appropriate time."

"At that time, there was a guard named Zhu, who had no relationship with Jia Kui. After hearing these words, he admired Jia Kui for being able to stick to his integrity in the face of danger, so he secretly released Jia Kui at night, removed his shackles and sent him away."

"Jia Kui was grateful and asked for his name, but he refused to tell him. It was not until Guo Yuan was defeated that Jia Kui learned that the man who saved him was called Zhu Gongdao."

"Later, this man was to be beheaded for being implicated, and Jia Kui tried every possible means to save him but failed, so he had no choice but to mourn for him himself."

Li Bai: Cao's army eventually defeated and killed Guo Yuan. Afterwards, the county selected Jia Kui as a talented person and appointed him as the magistrate of Mianchi County.

In the ninth year of Jian'an (204 AD), Cao Cao captured Ye City. Gao Gan was forced to surrender to Cao and was appointed as the governor of Bingzhou.

The following year, Cao Cao led his army north to rescue General Xianyu Fu of the Left Du Liao, who was besieged by the Wuhuan in Guangping.

Soon after his surrender, Gao Gan took the opportunity to rebel in Bingzhou, and colluded with Zhang Sheng from Henei, Wei Gu from Hedong, Zhang Yan from Hongnong and others, causing chaos between Mount Xiao and Mianshui.

Jia Kui did not know that Zhang Yan had planned a rebellion at first, and went to meet Zhang Yan. He discovered the conspiracy at Zhang Yan's place, and it was difficult to get away if he wanted to return immediately, so he thought of a clever idea and pretended to be willing to rebel with Zhang Yan, and seriously gave Zhang Yan advice and gained Zhang Yan's trust.

At that time, the temporary seat of Mianchi County was in Licheng, and the city walls were not solid. Jia Kui borrowed some troops from Zhang Yan in the name of building city walls.

After returning to Licheng, those in the city who were planning to rebel thought that Jia Kui had also rebelled, so they did not avoid Jia Kui. As a result, they were caught and beheaded one by one by Jia Kui.

Jia Kui repaired the city moat and resolutely fought against Zhang Yan until Zhang Yan was defeated.

In the 206th year of Jian'an ( AD), Cao Cao defeated Gao Gan at Huguan, and Gao Gan was killed while fleeing.

At this time, Jia Kui resigned from his official position because of mourning for his grandfather. After the mourning period was over, he was appointed as an official in the Si Tu Mansion. Later, he served as a military officer of Si Li Xiaowei Zhong Yao as a counselor.

In the 211th year of Jian'an ( AD), when Cao Cao was on a western expedition against Ma Chao, he arrived in Hongnong and said: Let Jia Kui be the governor of Hongnong.

At that time, Jia Kui's good friend Sun Zi, the accountant of Hedong County, was summoned to Xu by Shangshu Ling Xun Yu. He recommended Jia Kui to Cao Cao in the Prime Minister's Mansion (Cao Cao served as Prime Minister in the 13th year of Jian'an):

In the past, Jia Kui led the entire county's officials and people to fight against the bandit Guo Yuan in Jiangyi. He was defeated and finally captured by the bandits, but his will was not diminished. He was able to stick to the righteousness, and his face and words did not show any sign of surrender.
His loyal words were known to the public, and his heroic integrity was prominent in the contemporary world. Even the ancient Lin Xiangru who angrily rebuked the King of Qin and Shu Zhan who seized the tripod to resist the Marquis of Jin might not have surpassed Jia Kui's courage. He was a man of both civil and military talents, and was indeed a man of great use today.

Cao Cao then summoned Jia Kui to discuss matters. Seeing that Jia Kui had both talent and virtue, he was very happy and said to his attendants:
When Jia Kui was serving as a prefect, he was once ordered to recruit soldiers for service. As the number of recruits was insufficient, he suspected that the commander of the military farms was hiding the fugitives, so he went to negotiate.

The Tuntian Commander thought that he was not under the jurisdiction of Hongnong County, and spoke disrespectfully, which made Jia Kui angry. He arrested the Tuntian Commander and punished him by breaking his legs.

Jia Kui was dismissed from office for this crime, but Cao Cao still admired Jia Kui very much and soon appointed him as the chief clerk of the prime minister.

In the 214th year of Jian'an ( AD), Sun Quan conquered Wancheng and captured Zhu Guang, the governor of Lujiang. Cao Cao wanted to march south to attack Wu, but it happened to be the rainy season and most of the soldiers were unwilling to march.

When Cao Cao found out, he was afraid that someone would come to advise him, so he ordered that anyone who did so would be put to death.

Jia Kui and three other clerks in the same office still insisted on making remonstrances. Cao Cao became furious and asked who was the initiator. Jia Kui admitted it and was imprisoned by Cao Cao.

The jailer then put him in shackles. Later, Cao Cao really sent someone to visit Jia Kui in prison. Later, Cao Cao believed that Jia Kui had no ill intentions and restored his position.

"In the 219th year of Jian'an ( AD), Jia Kui set out from Chang'an with Cao Cao, intending to go through Xiegu (the northern entrance of Baoxiagu in Shaanxi Province) to attack Liu Bei and rush to Hanzhong for assistance."

"He was ordered to go to Xiegu first to observe the situation. On the way, he met the Water Transport Commandant who was supervising the transport of dozens of carts of prisoners."

"He thought the military situation was urgent, so he ordered the execution of the most important prisoner and released the rest."

"When Cao Cao learned of this, he admired Jia Kui's wit and decisiveness even more, so he appointed him as a counselor and appointed him to be in charge of military strategy together with Xiahou Shang."

"In the 220th year of Jian'an ( AD), Cao Cao died in Luoyang. Jia Kui was in charge of the funeral as a counselor."

"At that time, the crown prince of Wei, Cao Pi, was far away in Yecheng. The soldiers and civilians in Luoyang were suffering from the forced labor. The army became agitated because they had lost their commander."

"Some people advocated suppressing the news and not announcing the death for the time being. Jia Kui did not accept this opinion and insisted on sending envoys to various places to announce the death and let officials from inside and outside the country come to pay their respects."

"When the Qingzhou soldiers heard that their commander was dead, they dispersed in droves, beating drums. The ministers believed that the Qingzhou soldiers' disregard for military discipline should be stopped immediately, and those who disobeyed should be punished."

"Jia Kui believes that the King of Wei has passed away and the new King has not yet been crowned. It is best to appease the unrest at this time."

"So he persuaded all the ministers and sent an official letter to the Qingzhou military commander, so that they could get food provided by local officials on their way home."

"In this way, the commotion was finally quelled. However, before Cao Pi arrived, Cao Pi's brother, Yanling Marquis Xingyue Cavalry General Cao Zhang, rushed to Luoyang from Chang'an with his troops, intending to seize his brother's right to inherit the throne."

"In this way, Jia Kui and the civil and military officials in Luoyang buried Cao Cao's body, and then he and Xiahou Shang sent it back to Yecheng. The Crown Prince Cao Pi presided over the funeral, and the emperor ordered Cao Pi to be the King of Wei, Prime Minister, and Governor of Jizhou."

"King Cao Pi of Wei was very grateful to Jia Kui. After he ascended the throne, he first appointed Jia Kui as the magistrate of Ye County, the capital of Wei Kingdom, and later moved him to be the governor of Wei County."

"Before Jia Kui went to the county government to take up his post, the officials of Wei County government heard that Jia Kui would be the county governor and came to the gate of Jia Kui's residence in advance."

"After Jia Kui left with the letter of relocation, all the county officials stopped outside the door and bowed under Jia Kui's carriage."

"In June of the same year, Cao Pi personally led a large army southward, pretending to prepare for an expedition against the Eastern Wu (in fact, he was marching his troops around to build momentum for his claim to the throne in place of the Han Dynasty)."

"Jia Kui followed the army and took up the post of chief secretary of the prime minister again. When the army reached Liyang in the south, the soldiers rushed to cross the river without any order. Jia Kui immediately executed several people who violated military discipline, and order was restored."

"After arriving at Qiao County, Cao Pi appointed Jia Kui as the governor of Yuzhou."

"At that time, the country had just been stabilized and the laws and regulations of the prefectures and counties were lax. The military officer of Yuzhou asked for leave when the previous governor was appointed, and Jia Kui returned to work several months after he took office."

"Jia Kui then used this incident to torture and investigate officials below the rank of 2,000-stone official (i.e., below the rank of prefect) who were partial and indulgent and did not follow the law, and impeached and dismissed them all."

"During his tenure as governor of Yuzhou, Jia Kui reformed the administration of officials, suppressed violence, promoted benefits and eliminated abuses, and his reputation was outstanding. Cao Pi praised him, saying, "Jia Kui is a true governor!"

Su Shi: At the same time, he issued a notice to the world, requiring all states to emulate Yuzhou's governance measures, and conferred the title of Guannei Hou on Jia Kui.

The southern part of Yuzhou borders on Eastern Wu. Jia Kui set up sentinels on the border, repaired armor and weapons, and prepared for border defense so that the enemy dared not invade.

While Jia Kui was building up the army, he also did not forget to manage the civil affairs at home. Jia Kui cut off the mountains and stored water in the territory, built the Xiaoyiyang Pond, and dredged a canal of more than 200 miles, which was called "Jia Hou Canal". He repaired the armor and strengthened the war preparations, so that the Eastern Wu dared not invade.

In 222 AD, Jia Kui attacked the Eastern Wu under the command of General Cao Xiu, and defeated Lu Fan's troops in Dongpu. After the war, he was promoted to Marquis of Yangliting and given the title of General Jianwei.

In the first year of Taihe (227 AD), Cao Rui, the Emperor Ming of Wei, succeeded to the throne and increased Jia Kui's fief by households, bringing the total to households.

At that time, Sun Quan stationed a large army at Dongguan (i.e. Ruxukou) in the south of Yuzhou, only 400 miles away from the Yangtze River.

Every time the Eastern Wu invaded, they would attack from Jiangxia in the west or from Lujiang in the east.

When Wei conquered the Eastern Wu, he also went south from the Huai River (eastern route) and west from the Mian River (western route).

The Yuzhou army, located between the east and the west, generally did not participate in the expedition, but was only stationed in Runan, Yiyang and other counties to defend their borders.

Therefore, there was no risk of war in Sun Quan's territory in the southern part of Yuzhou. If there was a war on the eastern or western border, the Wu army could gather together and fight back with all their strength without having to worry about the (central) battlefield in Yuzhou.

Jia Kui analyzed the situation and believed that a river should be built from Yuzhou directly to the Yangtze River, and the army could march from Yuzhou to attack Dongguan of Eastern Wu.

At that time, if Sun Quan defended the East Gate, he could send troops to attack from the east and west, and Sun Quan's east and west lines would not be rescued.
If the east-west line can be captured, Dongguan will become an isolated stronghold that can be attacked from both the east and the west, and it will be easy to capture.

At the same time, he moved his troops to Laokou and presented an attack strategy, which Cao Rui was very satisfied with.

In the second year of Taihe (228 AD), Zhou Cang, the prefect of Poyang in Eastern Wu, followed the advice of Sun Quan, the king of Wu, and pretended to have offended the king of Wu and wanted to abandon Wu and defect to Wei.

He secretly communicated with Cao Xiu, the Grand Marshal and Governor of Yangzhou, and asked him to send troops to take over Poyang County.

Cao Xiu fell into the trap and after his request was approved, he led a total of 100,000 cavalry and infantry to Wan County (now Qianshan County, Anhui Province) to support Zhou Cang.

After Cao Xiu sent troops from Shouchun, Emperor Ming of Wei sent Jia Kui to supervise four armies including General Man Chong and Dongguan prefect Hu Zhi to attack Dongguan directly from Xiyang, and Sima Yi to lead troops to attack Jiangling.

When Jia Kui arrived at Wujiang Mountain, Cao Xiu had already marched deep into Wu territory alone. Shangshu Jiang Ji told Emperor Ming of Wei that the Wu general Zhu Ran stationed upstream might attack Cao Xiu from behind, and that the Wu army could advance eastward at any time to cut off Cao Xiu's retreat, so he suggested sending troops to rescue Cao Xiu.

Emperor Ming of Wei ordered Sima Yi to stop advancing and asked Jia Kui to advance eastward to join forces with Cao Xiu. (End of this chapter)