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Wen Qin was a general of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. He was the son of Wen Ji, a general under Cao Cao, and a general of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.

In the 219th year of Jian'an ( AD), Wei Feng rebelled and Wen Qin was implicated and imprisoned. According to the law, Wen Qin should have been executed, but Cao Cao pardoned him because he was the son of his general Wen Ji.

During the Taihe period, Wen Qin served as the commander of the Five Camps and the general of the Yamen Army. Later, he served as the prefect of Lujiang, the general of Yingyang, the general of Guanjun, the general of Qian, the governor of Yangzhou, etc., and made many military achievements.

Wen Qin liked to falsify the number of prisoners in an attempt to gain favor and reward, but the court often refused to give him any, so his resentment towards the court grew day by day.

"Guanqiu Jian was very kind to Wenqin out of his own wits, and the two had a harmonious relationship. Wenqin was also grateful and loyal to him."

"After Cao Shuang and his accomplices were killed in the Gaopingling Incident, the Sima clan promoted Wen Qin to the position of General of the Front and Governor of Yangzhou in order to appease him. During his tenure, he made friends with General Zhendong Guanqiu Jian, repelled the attack of Zhuge Ke, the Grand Tutor of Wu, and achieved certain results."

"In the second year of Zhengyuan (255), Wen Qin and General Zhendong Guanqiu Jian raised an army in Yangzhou to attack Sima Shi. After the defeat, they fled to Wu State and were named General Zhenbei, Governor of Youzhou, and Marquis of Qiao."

"In the second year of Ganlu (257), Wen Qin followed the Wu army to rescue Zhuge Dan, who had risen up against the Sima clan, but was besieged by Sima Zhao's army and the military situation was critical."

"At this time, there was already a conflict between Wen Qin and Zhuge Dan, and Zhuge Dan, who was increasingly dissatisfied with Wen Qin, killed Wen Qin."

"When Wenqin died, his sons Wenyang and Wenhu were leading troops in the small town. When they heard that their father Wenqin had been killed, they led their men to the scene, but their men refused to obey their orders."

"So Wen Yang and Wen Hu had no choice but to flee the city alone and seek refuge with Sima Zhao."

"When Wenqin was young, he was known as the son of a famous general, brave and decisive."

"In the 219th year of Jian'an ( AD), Wei Feng rebelled. Wen Qin was implicated because of his "connected words" and was imprisoned and tortured hundreds of times. According to the law, he should have been executed, but Cao Cao pardoned him because he was the son of his general Wen Ji."

"During the Taihe reign of Emperor Ming of Wei, Wen Qin served as the commander of the Five Camps and the commander of the Yamen."

"Wen Qin was a violent and rude person, arrogant and rebellious, so he was reported to the emperor and exiled."

"Emperor Ming of Wei, Cao Rui, once suppressed Wen Qin's actions, but later made him the general of Huainan Yamen, and later transferred him to be the governor of Lujiang and the general of Yingyang."

"Wen Qin stationed in Lu'an and set up many garrisons on important roads to lure out defectors from the Eastern Wu, which had an impact on the border of the Wu Kingdom. Later, Wu General Zhu Yi broke through Wen Qin's seven garrisons."

"When Wen Qin was the governor of Lujiang, Wang Ling reported to the court that Wen Qin was greedy and cruel, saying that he was not suitable to be a general in charge of the border, and asked the court to punish Wen Qin. So Wen Qin was recalled by the court."

"Cao Shuang was in power, and because Wen Qin and Cao Shuang were from the same hometown, Cao Shuang treated Wen Qin well and stopped punishing him."

"Later, Cao Shuang adopted Ding Mi's plan and sent Wen Qin back to Lujiang and promoted him to the title of Champion General. Wen Qin became even more arrogant after being treated like this. He boasted that he was stronger and braver than others and gained a false reputation among the three armies."

"In the 219th year of Jian'an ( AD), Wei Feng was implicated in a rebellion against Wen Qin and was imprisoned. Wen Qin should have been executed according to the law, but Cao Cao pardoned him because he was the son of his general Wen Ji."

"During the Taihe period, Wen Qin served as the commander of the Five Camps and the general of the Yamen. Later, he served as the governor of Lujiang, the general of Yingyang, the general of Guanjun, the general of Qian, the governor of Yangzhou, etc. He made many military achievements and liked to falsely report the number of prisoners in an attempt to gain favor and reward, but the court often did not give him any."

"Therefore, Wenqin's resentment towards the court grew day by day. Guanqiu Jian, out of tactic, treated Wenqin very well, and the two had a harmonious relationship. Wenqin was also grateful and loyal to him."

"Zhuge Ke, the Grand Tutor of Wu, surrounded the new city of Hefei, and Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin jointly resisted."

"Grand Commander Sima Fu led the central army to relieve the siege from the east, and Zhuge Ke had no choice but to retreat."

"In the first year of Jiaping (249), after Cao Shuang was killed, Wen Qin was worried and uneasy."

"In order to reassure him, the imperial court promoted Wenqin to the rank of general."

Li Bai: In the second year of Jiaping (250 AD), Wen Qin pretended to surrender to the State of Wu and sent a secret letter to it, inducing Wu general Zhu Yi to personally lead his army to welcome him.
Zhu Yi presented Wen Qin's letter to the emperor, stating that his surrender was false and that he should not be welcomed immediately.

Wu Emperor Sun Quan sent Lu Ju to lead 20,000 troops to advance together with Zhu Yi. When they reached the northern border of Wu, Wen Qin refused to surrender.

Wen Qin and Zhuge Dan disliked each other, and later Wen Qin replaced Zhuge Dan as the governor of Yangzhou.

During his time in Huainan, Wen Qin made many military achievements and liked to falsely report the number of prisoners in an attempt to gain favor and reward, but the court often did not give him any.

Therefore, Wen Qin's resentment towards the court grew day by day. General Zhendong Guanqiu Jian treated Wen Qin very well out of strategy, and Wen Qin was grateful and loyal to him.

In the fifth year of Jiaping (253 AD), Zhuge Ke, the Grand Tutor of Wu, surrounded the new city of Hefei, and Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin joined forces to resist.

Taiwei Sima Fu led the central army to relieve the siege from the east, and Zhuge Ke had to retreat. Wen Qin led his army to pursue and achieved certain results.

In the first month of the second year of Zhengyuan (255 AD), a comet several dozen feet long appeared in the sky, crossing the northwest sky and starting from the boundary between Wu and Chu.

Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin were very happy, thinking it was a good sign, so they used Empress Dowager Guo's words to issue an edict listing the crimes of General Sima Shi, announced it to the whole country, and launched a rebellion.

After Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin rebelled, they sent people to find General Zhennan Zhuge Dan and asked him to recruit the scholars and people of Yuzhou to join the rebellion.

Zhuge Dan killed the people sent by Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin, and announced the conspiracy of Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin to the world, letting people know about their rebellious behavior.

Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin forced the Huainan generals and civilians guarding other garrisons to enter Shouchun City, leaving the old and weak behind to defend the city.

Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin led an army of 50,000 to 60,000 across the Huai River and headed west to Xiangdi. Guanqiu Jian defended the city, while Wen Qin provided protection outside the city.

Sima Shi led a large army to attack Guanqiu Jian, and also sent Zhuge Dan to lead troops from various parts of Yuzhou to approach Shouchun from Anfengjin.

General Hu Zun, who was in charge of the expedition to the east, led the troops from Qingzhou and Xuzhou to attack between Qiao and Song in order to cut off Guanqiu Jian's retreat.

Sima Shi led his troops to station in Ruyang and sent the military supervisor Wang Ji to lead the vanguard troops to garrison Nandun to wait for Guanqiu Jian's troops.

Sima Shi ordered all the troops to hold their positions and not engage in direct combat. Guanqiu Jian, Wen Qin and others could not fight forward, and they were afraid of being attacked if they retreated to Shouchun. They had no way out and were at a loss.

The Huainan soldiers, whose hometowns were all in the north, were demoralized and surrendered one after another. Only the local peasants in Huainan who had recently joined the army were willing to fight for them.

Sima Shi sent Deng Ai, the governor of Yanzhou, to lead tens of thousands of troops from various armies in Mount Tai to Lejia.

He pretended to be vulnerable in order to lure Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin to attack. Sima Shi soon arrived from Zhu with his army.

Wen Qin did not know it was a trick, and really wanted to attack Deng Ai at night. When daybreak came, he saw that Deng Ai's army was stronger, so he withdrew his troops.

Sima Shi sent a brave cavalry general to lead a pursuit, and defeated Wen Qin, who then fled.

On that day, Guanqiu Jian was very worried when he heard that Wen Qin was defeated, so he withdrew his troops at night, and the people's morale was low.

When they arrived at Shen County, the soldiers around Guanqiu Jian gradually fled. Guanqiu Jian, his younger brother Guanqiu Xiu, and his grandson Guanqiu Chong hid in the grass by the water. "Zhang Shu, a subordinate of Anfengjin Duwei, shot Wuqiu Jian to death and sent his head to the capital Luoyang."

"After Guanqiu Jian died, Guanqiu Xiu and Guanqiu Chong fled to the State of Wu."

"Many soldiers who were coerced by Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin surrendered to Wei. Guanqiu Jian's three clans were all exterminated."

"Wen Qin was in Xiang County. He was isolated and unable to support himself. He wanted to return to Shouchun, but the soldiers in Shouchun had been defeated. So he fled to Wu.

"At that time, Sun Jun, a powerful official of the Eastern Wu, led his people to attack Shouchun. When they arrived at Tuogao, Wen Qin surrendered to Sun Jun, and tens of thousands of other people in Huainan also surrendered to the Eastern Wu with Wen Qin."

"Sun Jun led his troops and Wen Qin to Shouchun, but found that the city had been occupied by Zhuge Dan's troops and could not be conquered, so he retreated."

"Wen Qin submitted a letter of surrender to Wu and handed over the imperial seals and seals of the former general and Marquis of Shansang that he had received from Cao Wei."

"Wu appointed Wen Qin as Protector General, Acting General, General of the Northern Frontier (also known as General of the Northern Expedition), Governor of Youzhou, and granted him the title of Marquis of Qiao."

"Although Wen Qin surrendered to Wu, he could not follow Wu's etiquette. Lü Ju, Zhu Yi and other Wu generals hated him. Only Sun Jun treated him well and made friends with him."

"After Wen Qin surrendered to Wu, he also wrote a letter to Guo Huai, saying, "Now the great Wu is advocating justice, and I feel deeply sorry for it. However, I feel that the country is divided and connected, and the situation is far away. I want to take it together and divide China. I don't want to take it for myself."

"He asked Guo Huai to raise an army to resist Sima Shi, but Guo Huai had already passed away by then, and Wen Qin was not aware of this."

"In May of the second year of Taiping (257), Zhuge Dan raised an army to rebel against the State of Wei, summoned troops from various places, attacked and killed the governor of Yangzhou, Yue Chen, gathered more than officers and soldiers from Huainan and Huaibei, as well as to newly-inhabited people from Yangzhou, stored enough food for a year, and closed the city to defend it."

"He also sent Chief Secretary Wu Gang to take his youngest son Zhuge Liang to the State of Wu as a hostage to ask for assistance."

"The Wu Kingdom was overjoyed when it received the news. The powerful minister Sun Chen sent generals Quan Yi, Quan Duan, Tang Zi, Wang Zuo and others to lead 30,000 troops to secretly meet Zhuge Dan together with Wen Qin."

"At this time, Wei's General Wang Ji, who was stationed in the south, had just arrived and led his troops to besiege Shouchun."

"Before the encirclement was formed, Tang Zi and Wen Qin led the crowd into the city from the northeast of the city, relying on the terrain of the mountain. The generals of Wei State counterattacked but failed, and Wen Qin and others successfully entered the city."

"In June of the second year of Ganlu (257), the Wei army marched eastward and arrived in Xiangdi."

"General Sima Zhao led an army of 260,000 men and marched near the Huai River to fight."

"Sima Zhao stationed his troops at Qiutou and sent Wang Ji and General Chen Qian of Andong to surround the city from all sides, double-encircling it, digging trenches and building fortresses."

"We also sent military supervisor Shi Bao, Yanzhou governor Zhou Tai and others to lead elite troops as mobile forces to guard against Wu's attack."

"Wen Qin and others tried to break out of the encirclement several times, but were repelled every time."

"In the first month of the third year of Taiping (258 AD), Wen Qin said to Zhuge Dan, Tang Zi and others:"

"Jiang Ban and Jiao Yi fled because our army could not break out, and Quan Duan and Quan Yi led their people to surrender. Now is the time when the enemy is off guard, and we can fight them."

"Everyone agreed. So Zhuge Dan, Wen Qin, Tang Zi and others made many offensive weapons and for five or six consecutive days, day and night, they forced their way out from the south."

"The besieging army launched stones from high places with catapults and used rockets to burn siege equipment. Arrows and stones rained down like rain, corpses were scattered all over the ground, and blood flowed in the trenches."

"Zhuge Dan and his men had no choice but to retreat back into the city. Food was becoming increasingly scarce in the city, and tens of thousands of people had surrendered outside the city. Wen Qin wanted to drive all the northerners out in order to save food and hold out together with the Wu Kingdom."

Su Shi: Zhuge Dan did not accept this opinion, so there was a rift between the two. Wen Qin had conflicts with Zhuge Dan.

They only gather together for special matters, and the more urgent the matter is, the less they trust each other.

Wen Qin was dissatisfied with Zhuge Dan's tendency to plan everything, so Zhuge Dan killed Wen Qin himself.

When Wen Qin died, his sons Wen Yang and Wen Hu were leading troops in a small town. When they heard that their father Wen Qin was killed, they led their men to the scene, but their subordinates disobeyed their orders.

So Wen Yang and Wen Hu had to flee the city alone and seek refuge with Sima Zhao.

The officers and soldiers in the army demanded that the two brothers be killed, but Sima Zhao issued an order saying: "Wen Qin's crime is unforgivable, so his sons should be killed.

However, Wen Yang and Wen Hu surrendered when they were left with no other options. The city had not yet been captured. If they were killed, it would have strengthened the determination of the officers and soldiers in the city to defend the city to the death.

So he pardoned Wen Yang and Wen Hu, and asked them to lead several hundred cavalrymen to patrol outside the city and shout:

He also recommended the appointment of Wen Yang and Wen Hu as generals, and bestowed upon them the title of Guannei Hou.

After Shouchun City fell, the brothers Wen Yang and Wen Hu were allowed to collect Wen Qin's body and were given an ox cart to bury Wen Qin.

Prior to this, because of the Sima family's monopoly of power, they successively killed Cao Shuang's confidant Deng Yang and Cao Shuang's cousin Xiahou Xuan.
They were all good friends of Zhuge Dan. In addition, Sima killed Wang Ling and Guanqiu Jian and exterminated their three clans.

This made Zhuge Dan very dissatisfied. He was afraid of endangering himself, so he bought the hearts of the people in the local area and kept thousands of death warriors to protect himself.

However, it didn't take long for the Sima family to turn their attention to Zhuge Dan, because they felt that Zhuge Dan was also an obstacle in the eyes of the Sima family.

In the second year of Ganlu (257), Sima Zhao summoned Zhuge Dan to the court to serve as Sikong in the name of the imperial court.

This was actually a promotion in name only and a demotion in reality, the intention was to seize Zhuge Dan's military power and then attack him.

Zhuge Dan was certainly not stupid. He understood that a disaster was imminent and Sima Zhao wanted to kill him. He was unwilling to be slaughtered, so he started a rebellion.

Zhuge Dan recruited soldiers from Huainan and a year's worth of food, held Shouchun, and then led his troops to kill Le Chen, the governor of Yangzhou.

After killing Le Chen, Zhuge Dan sent Wu Gang to lead his son Zhuge Liang and the disciples of his entourage to Soochow to request reinforcements to avoid fighting alone without anyone to rescue him.

Sima Zhao led his army to personally attack Zhuge Dan, and sent Wang Ji and General Chen Qian of Andong to lead troops to besiege Shouchun.

At this time, Eastern Wu sent Wen Qin, who had surrendered to Eastern Wu, and Quan Yi, Quan Duan, Tang Zi and Wang Zuo to lead troops to rescue Zhuge Dan. The Eastern Wu reinforcements entered Shouchun City before Wang Ji surrounded Shouchun.

As Sima Zhao's army's siege became tighter and tighter, Wen Qin and his men failed to break out, and the food in the city gradually dried up.

Zhuge Dan, Wen Qin and Tang Zi then tried desperately to break out, but were unable to do so and suffered heavy casualties. In the end, they were forced to retreat back into the city. (End of this chapter)