The six-dimensional pictures of emperors of all dynasties were exposed, and the ancestors panicked

Chapter 710: The Mandate of the Qing Dynasty: Integration of China and Foreign Countries

On the canopy.

The territorial maps from Qin to Qing are arranged in sequence and cover the sky.

China's territory is constantly expanding.

But the next moment, the territory maps of each dynasty turned into colorful maps of different sizes.

Those colorful pictures are scattered around the territory map.

There is only one dynasty whose territory map is still of one color.

"clear"

……

[In the Central Plains dynasties before the Yuan Dynasty, the important strategy for dealing with the barbarians in the border areas and distant areas was the policy of control. ]

【The original meaning of "支縻" in ancient times was that the imperial court controlled the key points, such as the "支" (bridle) of horses and the "縻" (nose rope) of cattle, and could effectively control the barbarians while being relatively loose and casual, "controlling the four barbarians is like controlling cattle and horses."】

[The policy originated from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After the Qin Dynasty, it gradually became the policy used by the Central Plains dynasties in border areas and beyond.]

[The basic content is that the Central Plains dynasty relied on the power of the leaders of the frontier barbarians to exercise control, that is, according to the strength of their power, they granted their leaders titles such as king, marquis, mayor of a city, general, governor, and governor, and implemented local officials to manage them or to govern them in conjunction with the established counties.]

[The imperial court assigned officials to assist in the management of the enfeoffed kings, marquises, mayors, generals, and governors, and stipulated that the level of the enfeoffed officials was similar to that of frontier counties or prefectures.]

[The kings, marquises, mayors, generals, governors, and provincial governors who were conferred titles by the imperial court inherited their positions and led their people from generation to generation, but they were not official officials of the country.]

[The court's management of local officials at all levels was quite lax, and no strict management system was formed. The handling of related issues was also quite arbitrary.]

[In addition, the dynasty usually did not expect economic returns from managing the border areas, and mostly collected a small symbolic tribute in such areas.]

[The main feature of the policy of control is that it was implemented over a wide range of areas, including the barbarians in the border areas and the neighboring states that had relations with the Central Plains dynasty.]

[In other words, the “barbarians” that the Central Plains dynasties used the policy of control over were the “barbarians” that were contrasted with the Chinese, that is, other civilizations outside of the Chinese.]

[The people of Jin said: "Those who are not of our race must have different hearts. The ambitions and attitudes of the Rong and Di people are not the same as those of the Hua people."]

[The core of the text clearly shows that the Central Plains dynasty distinguished between Yi and Xia based on the differences in civilizations. Those who were not Huaxia were called "barbarians" by the Central Plains dynasty.]

This is the “Hua Yi Debate”

[It was also the core idea of ​​the Central Plains dynasties governing their frontiers before the Yuan Dynasty.]

……

Great Qin.

There was silence in the palace.

Everyone present is extremely smart.

Being obedient is an instinct ingrained in our bones!

But because of this instinct, it is even more difficult for them to accept the profound meaning within the sky.

Guard the center, govern the borders, and guard the four barbarians."

This is the embodiment of the idea of ​​controlling the border.

The dynasty can survive only if its hinterland is secured.

There is a clear distinction between the land to be defended in the center and the land of the four barbarians. Only by defending the center can one govern the borders!
The ideal goal of border management is to achieve stability and prosperity in the hinterland!
At the border, we will guard against the four barbarians, ensure that China is inside and the barbarians and their descendants outside will not plot against China, and the barbarians will not disturb China!
The prosperity that reached its peak during the Han and Tang dynasties was closely related to the effective defense of the surrounding borders.

But that was not what Tianmu meant behind his words.

"Actually, it's nothing, isn't it?"

Xiao He was the first to open up the channels for communication.

He looked at the floor tiles in front of him with some trepidation, and said in a trembling voice:
"Tang Taizong also followed the idea of ​​governing the country as one, with the Han and the Hu people as one family? Didn't he..."

Before he finished speaking, Feng Quji said solemnly:

"But he is the emperor of Central Plains."

The hall fell silent again.

The emperor of the Central Plains can decide "Hua Yi" and "Hu Han"

This is the duty of the emperor.

But the Qing emperors were not.

They are "barbarians"!
After a while, a sigh came from the upper position.

The four people below all lowered their heads and dared not speak.

Oh my god! The emperor sighed? ! !

Ying Zheng half lowered his eyes, a trace of sadness appearing on his face.

This matter has to start with that bastard.

He envied the Han Dynasty, but he did not look up to it.

He also agreed with Liu Bang's views on "people".

But recognition is recognition, understanding is understanding, and feelings are feelings.

That was the problem… he felt the sadness.

His sigh was not based on the debate between Chinese and barbarians or not.

To quote a famous quote from King Wu of Chu:

"I am a barbarian!"

If we really follow the debate on Hua and Yi, the Qin State was also a barbarian state.

What he sighed about were the group of emperors from the Central Plains since him.

There are only two people who can transcend the status of a king and focus on the people of the world.

Emperor Taizong and Emperor Yongzheng of Tang.

But Yongzheng was not the emperor of Central Plains.

In other words.

The people who pay the most attention to the things left by our ancestors and have made the most achievements are outsiders!

Still a barbarian!
Then what else is there for the Chinese and the barbarians to fight for?

It is because of one's own incompetence that one waits for death holding on to the things left by one's ancestors, and thus has the name of being orthodox.

It is better to let the virtuous take over and carry forward the things left by our ancestors, but this will only lead to being labeled as unfilial.

How to choose between the two?
"Yongzheng... the emperor."

……

Big man.

"The trouble in the border areas is scabies on the hands and feet, while the trouble in the hinterland is the fatal carbuncle on the chest and back."

Liu Bang suddenly remembered the emperors' understanding of border threats before the Ming and Qing dynasties.

He thought so too.

But now, I really feel something different from before.

The border management strategies should neither be identical to those in the interior nor be fixed or stereotyped. Instead, they should maintain the necessary flexibility and adaptability.

But here is the problem.

Since Tianmu mentioned this, it means that it must have some shortcomings.

But what is the shortcoming?
Liu Bang looked at Lu Zhi.

Lu Zhi also frowned in confusion.

The two looked at each other and started talking to each other.

"Establish a state and establish a nation."

"Counties."

"Counties and Counties are sealed off."

"state……"

"and many more!"

Liu Bang suddenly raised his hand to interrupt Lu Zhi's words, looked at Lu Zhi and said seriously:
"Counties and vassal states... E'sui, do you think vassal states are states or counties?"

Lu Zhi was about to answer, "Of course it is the counties," but she swallowed the words back as soon as they reached her throat.

But it is a closed country.

Liu Bang looked at Lu Zhi who was deep in thought and whispered again:

"So, is the tributary... the headquarters of the country, or a country within a country?"

!!!

……

[However, the scope of application of the policy of control was too broad, which caused confusion between the policy of controlling the barbarians in the border areas and the policy of dealing with neighboring countries.]

[It is not uncommon for the Han and Tang dynasties to appoint the monarchs of neighboring states as kings, marquises, generals, governors, etc.]

[During this period, although there were certain differences between the policies for dealing with the frontier barbarians and neighboring countries, the institutional characteristics were not obvious. The Central Plains dynasty implemented confusing policies for a long time towards the frontier barbarians and neighboring countries, which had a negative impact on the formation of China's historical territory and was not conducive to the deepening of frontier rule.]

【The policy of controlling the country by restraining the people is an unchanging policy. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, there is basically no record of adjusting the policy of controlling the country by restraining the people according to the differences between the northern and southern borders and the changes in different periods. It can be said that the policy of controlling the country by restraining the people is an unchanging policy in the face of ever-changing situations.】

[Before the Yuan Dynasty, the policy of control was largely stagnant in the initial stage and needed to be improved. At the same time, the arbitrariness and irregularity in its implementation were obvious, and there was no corresponding mechanism to ensure its stable operation. ]

【Take the Han and Tang dynasties as examples, which attached great importance to border management and expansion and accumulated rich experience. 】

[The border county system of the Han Dynasty and the vassal prefectures and counties of the Tang Dynasty were both applied to border areas across the country, without any regulations such as changes and specificization based on local conditions.]

[The two dynasties shared the common characteristics of border management, focusing on defense and neglecting development. 】

[It can be seen that there is no obvious difference in the main aspects of the border management policies of the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty.]

[The Song Dynasty faced pressure from the barbarian regimes in the north and needed to collect more tax revenue from Guangxi and other places. The focus of managing the northern and southern borders changed, and the governance policies in the southern and northern borders also differed.]

【The establishment of vassal states and counties in Guangxi and other places gave rise to the embryonic form of the native official system.】

……

The period of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty
Liu Heng frowned slightly.

From the long speech in the sky, he felt a completely different ideological proposition.

This proposition is very different from that of the three generations of philosophers.

It is also completely contrary to the knowledge system he learned and recognized.

but……

Liu Heng slowly relaxed his brows.

Calm down again.

Isn't this the meaning of the sky curtain?

Insights that are ahead of their time.

The eye of heaven pointing to the future.

The day of hanging sky.

……

Datang.

Li Shimin simplified the key points of the sky curtain on paper.

Then he looked at the paper in deep thought.

The Yuan Dynasty was different from other dynasties in the Central Plains.

They regarded external expansion as a top priority and regarded defending the borders with the four barbarians as a strategic frontier for their aspirations of expansion.

Completely abandoning the concept of "Chinese inside and barbarians outside", trusting and making use of the southwestern barbarians, the focus of managing the border was mainly on establishing rule as quickly as possible and absorbing the resources of the border to meet the needs of external expansion and internal and external military operations.

There is no trace of the Central Plains in them.

It can be said that it is really out of place.

Li Shimin put down the pen in his hand and said with emotion:
"It is a culmination of the views of both Chinese and foreigners."

"No... it's about transcending the view of Chinese and barbarians... and seeing the world as one..."

"Yongzheng..."

"This is called the Son of Heaven."

Li Shimin shook his head.

"Hundreds of years..."

From Zhao Kuangyin to Yongzheng.

During this period, I watched the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties for a long time.

He almost forgot what a real emperor looked like.

……

[According to estimates by people in the late Ming Dynasty, there were about 400,000 Mongols who entered the Central Plains in the early days.]

[It was extremely difficult for the conquerors to rule the populous Han areas by this method.]

【Therefore, the Yuan rulers regarded the Han people as their biggest opponents and implemented the "four-tier system" throughout the country, relying on the Mongols and the Semites and focusing on guarding against the Han people and the southerners. 】【After the implementation of the native official system, the upper class of the southern barbarians was regarded as a capable assistant by the Yuan Dynasty. This was the deep reason why the Yuan Dynasty appointed a large number of southwestern barbarian leaders as native officials and gave them full trust. 】

[The barbarians in the border areas also appreciated his kindness and worked hard for him.]

After Zhu Yuanzhang unified the country, he said: "Now that China is at peace, we can defend against the four barbarians." He restored the tradition of "defending against the four barbarians" since the Han and Tang dynasties.

[His governance policies were inherited by later emperors.]

[Because the Tatars and Oirat tribes, descendants of the Mongols in the northern desert, were quite active and repeatedly posed a threat to the border. In order to prevent the Tatars and Oirat from moving south, the Ming Dynasty stationed heavy troops in the northern border, with the focus of prevention still in the north.]

[In order to maintain stability in border areas, major battles such as the "Three Expeditions to Luchuan" were launched. ]

[However, because of the tradition of "focusing on the north and neglecting the south" and the view of Huayi since the Han and Tang Dynasties, we only focus on developing the resources of the southwestern border, developing its tax revenue and metal mines, and using them for our economic benefit.]

[As for the specific situation in the local area, it is still Tusi autonomy. ]

Therefore, although the policy of controlling and ruling by subordinates is different from the system of native officials and chieftains, the core idea is the same, and both practices are "controlling and ruling by subordinates"]

【Then here comes the question. 】

[The system of control lasted for thousands of years in ancient China, with far-reaching and far-reaching influence.]

[Why did it end in Yongzheng's hands? 】

[This requires mentioning a divine book that is "unparalleled in the history of the world". ]

[The Great Righteousness Awakens from Delusion]

……

Qing Dynasty and Qianlong period
There was a "pop" sound!
Qianlong slapped him on the forehead.

His face was filled with pain.

"No matter how hard you try... you can't defend yourself!"

There's no profound meaning in that damn book!

It is a complete disgrace to the emperor!

"Ugh……"

Qianlong sighed, but could only continue watching.

Anyway, I'm not the one who's embarrassed...

And...he was indeed starting to get curious.

……

[During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, there was a scholar named Lu Liuliang in Zhejiang. In his writings and lectures, he upheld the essence of Confucius' thought, "Respect the King and Expel the Barbarians."]

[In the sixth year of Yongzheng's reign (1728), this proposal was seen by a failed scholar named Zeng Jing from Hunan before his death. He was very excited and planned an anti-Qing movement with his student Zhang Xi.

】

[They claimed that Yongzheng's accession to the throne was illegal, and listed ten major crimes against him, namely "plotting against his father", "forcing his mother", "killing his brother", "slaughtering his younger brother", "greed for money", "love of killing", "alcoholism", "lust", "suspecting and killing loyal people", and "flattering and appointing flatterers".]

[These ten charges basically cover a series of major political events since Yongzheng ascended the throne. Except for the slightly bland "flattering and servile", the other nine charges are all shocking and appalling.]

[Zeng Jing said that a tyrant like Yongzheng, even if he was not a Manchu but a Han Chinese, would not be qualified to be an emperor.]

[He also learned that Yue Zhongqi, the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, was a descendant of Yue Fei, and thought that he would definitely inherit Yue Fei's will to fight against foreign invaders, so he sent someone to bring him a letter of instigation, eagerly asking him to start an uprising.]

[After receiving the letter, Yue Zhongqi responded with a false response and reported it to Yongzheng as a matter of course.]

【Yongzheng ordered the arrest of this rebellious group.】

[Ordinarily, this ironclad crime of treason should be dealt with simply by following the law.]

[But Yongzheng was not like that. You can say he was a nitpicker or that he saw an opportunity in this matter.]

[He personally read Lü Liuliang's letters and writings, and finally decided to have a good debate with him.]

……

Song Taizong period
Zhao Kuangyi was still wondering what the book was about, and then he was shocked by the origin.

"You are such a ..."

The words "I am such a man" suddenly popped up in Zhao Kuangyi's mind.

"An unusual man."

But at the same time he also realized something.

"He doesn't just want to be a Hu Lord."

Looking at the sky, Zhao Heng sighed as he saw the confusion on his face:
"He wants to be the master of the world."

"Do not……"

Think back to what Yongzheng did.

He was determined to carry out reforms, eradicate long-standing malpractices, investigate financial matters, rectify the administration of officials, distribute the tax based on the amount of land, and crack down on cliques, all of which were done with drastic measures and vigorous resolution.

He was involved in recovering stolen goods, confiscating property, dismissing officials, and killing people, and he was inevitably criticized for being hasty.

Even though he had some prejudice in his heart, he had to admit it.

"He is the Lord of the World."

……

[Can the rebellious Lü Liuliang really be compared with Confucius? ]

[Why do you, Zeng Jing, respect and admire Lü Liuliang, a man who walks the streets? ]

[Are you, Zeng Jing, really a great figure who can be called "the wisest man in heaven, the ninth of the five heavens"? ]

[You, Zeng Jing, claim to be a talented person who can help the world. Do you really have the ability to be a prime minister, or do you have ulterior motives and are planning something bad? ]

[This constant barrage of questions may have driven Zeng Jing crazy, or perhaps Zeng Jing was afraid of death.]

[In short, Zeng Jing confessed his guilt and wrote the "Guirenlu"]

[The case was closed. The Ministry of Justice decided that Zeng Jing should be executed by slow slicing, his five mourning periods should be punished, his wife and daughters of three clans should be enslaved, and his property should be confiscated.]

[But no one expected that Yongzheng, who was always known for his cruelty, would make a 180-degree turn this time.]

[He issued several decrees in succession, pardoning and forgiving Zeng Jing and others, and also made a promise: in the future, my descendants will not pursue or kill him or his descendants for slandering me.]

【At the same time, Yongzheng also revealed his views on the "Hua Yi Debate". 】

……

{To be honest, it might look a little funny.}
{But in the context of that era, few despotic emperors would handle such cases in this way.}
{Their usual practice is to arrest and chop off the head of anyone who dares to say "no" to them, or drag him away and spank him.}
{Besides, before chopping off the head, a wooden ball is stuffed into the mouth, completely depriving the person of the right to speak.}
{If you encounter any embarrassing situation, cover the lid tightly and don't let any wind out.}
{Secretly executing insiders and witnesses to silence them is also a routine supporting measure.}
{If they really can’t cover it up, they distort the truth, falsify facts, call a black cat a white cat, whitewash their mistakes, and hope that the public will forget or become mentally retarded.}
{It is truly unique and incredible that Yongzheng, as the emperor, went to court with the criminal (he did not appear in the court), waited for an equal discussion, and subdued the other party through full reasoning.}
{You may have forgotten that he was Yongzheng, who was well versed in Confucianism and Buddhism, and firmly believed that justice could awaken the lost, and that bandits could also be converted to benevolence.}
｛Because Confucianism says "everyone can be Shun or Yao", and Buddhism says "all living things are Buddhas", which means everyone has wisdom and good karma. The reason why people degenerate into villains, bandits, and beasts is because they are deceived by various demonic obstacles and false views and cannot awaken.｝
{This requires the enlightenment and guidance of people with "great light and great wisdom."}
{This is what Yongzheng thought of himself.}
{Wow...so trustworthy.}
{Pu Xin? No, according to today's saying, he is a man with a Messiah complex.}
{And this is what makes him different from other Ming and Qing emperors.}
{He sincerely felt that all the people in this world needed him to save them.}
……

Qing Dynasty, Kangxi Period
Kangxi opened his mouth, but in the end could only sigh.

Make the dumb speak, the stone nod, and the beast become human.

This is the awakening from delusion, which means awakening the deluded.

"The Great Record of Awakening from Delusion... Old Four..."

Complex... My mood is very complex.

He could feel the ambition in the heart of this fourth son.

He wants everyone in the world to sincerely submit to him.

……

【Yongzheng said: "The Emperor has no relatives, only virtue can help." This is not his own invention, but a theory in the Book of Documents. 】

[To summarize the content of "Da Yi Jue Mi Lu", because the Ming Dynasty's political power had become corrupt and incompetent at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and it was unable to clean up itself, so we entered the pass to clear up the world. ]

【Shun was a man of the Eastern Yi, and King Wen was a man of the Western Yi. This is what Mencius said.】

【The Manchus are stronger than them, and they have their origins in China.】

【The Manchus have virtue and can be the ruler of the world like Shun and King Wen.】

【We are all descendants of Yan and Huang, and there is no reason to distinguish between Chinese and barbarians. 】

【The world belongs to everyone in the world, and only those with virtue can rule it. What's wrong with that?】

[There are beasts among the people of China, and there are beasts among the barbarians. The biggest difference between humans and beasts is whether they have benevolence and righteousness. These are what Mencius said.]

[“Why is there still a distinction between Chinese and foreigners?”]

……

Great Sui.

Yang Jian, who was squatting on the ground, looked at this last sentence and pursed his lips.

Don’t look at what a person says, just look at what he does.

You say things that are inconsistent with your words, you are a hypocrite.

A true gentleman is one who practices what he preaches.

He could say that Yongzheng's words were meant to win people's hearts and strengthen Manchu rule.

But here's the problem.

He did everything he said.

Then what reason do the people have not to support him?

It’s much better than “making the people suffer”, right?

Dugu Jialuo held the young Shimin in his arms, looked at the sky, and said in a dry voice:

"Three generations of rule... only one more generation..."

The goal in Yongzheng's words will be achieved.

The debate between Chinese and barbarians will be completely replaced by the debate between the virtuous and the inferior.

"this is too scary."

Yang Jian nodded, then was stunned for a moment.

"No, what do you mean by too scary?"

Dugu Jialuo looked at him nervously.

“Isn’t this scary?”

“If another barbarian overthrows the Qing dynasty and establishes himself in the land where the virtuous reside, will there still be a place for the Chinese in this world?”

Yang Jian was very upset and looked at Dugu Jialuo and said:
"Did you not read a single word of the Chinese characters 'Descendants of Yan and Huang'?"

Dugu Jialuo was stunned for a moment, then her face turned red with shame, and then she became angry!
"It's because I'm too tired to take care of the kids!"

"Look what you've done!"

Yang Jian said expressionlessly:
"Wash the diapers."

……

[Yongzheng compiled this theory and refuted Zeng Jing's ten charges against him in a long special edict. He also compiled Zeng Jing's "Guiren Shuo" and the files and confessions into a book called "Da Yi Jue Mi Lu". It was printed in large quantities and distributed to scholars all over the country for them to study.]

【Thus, a strange landscape appeared on the land of the Qing Dynasty. 】

[On the east road, Zeng Jing was in charge of giving lectures in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Hunan. ]

[On his way west, Zhang Xi preached in Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places.]

【And there is only one common voice. 】

【Yongzheng was a good emperor.】

The consequences of this behavior for the world and the Qing Dynasty can be explained by Zeng Jing's "View of the Barbarians and the Chinese" in Guiren Shuo:
"The reason why the book of Spring and Autumn Annals distinguishes between Chinese and barbarians is based on whether or not people have propriety and righteousness, not on the distance between people and places. Its heart is truly fair and just, and it depends on how people behave themselves."]

【At this point, the Qing Dynasty had a legitimacy similar to that of the Ming Dynasty. 】

【Yongzheng officially reshaped the Mandate of Heaven of the Qing Dynasty.】

【China and foreign countries are one. 】

People with a Messiah complex are usually more sensitive, compassionate and loving than other people.

They are very concerned about what is happening in the world, especially social problems such as poverty, hunger, and war.

The disadvantage is that due to their overconfidence and arrogance, they often underestimate the limits of their own abilities. They also tend to be too idealistic and hope to solve all problems in one step.

At the same time, their excessive enthusiasm and sense of responsibility sometimes make them over-committed and neglect their health and life balance.

This word is a Western term, but it does not mean that there are no equivalent people in China.

After all, this word was not invented in social sciences, it was only discovered.

Just like the word science, the Chinese call it "ge wu", but the ge wu has not been developed.

The things are the same, just the nouns are different.

……

Yongzheng’s behavior was always full of strange style in the imperial society.

Yongzheng’s reputation is actually similar to that of Zhao Kuangyin.

They are all held back by later generations.

But the Qing Dynasty is different from the Song Dynasty.

In the Song Dynasty, it was purely a question of ability, but not in the Qing Dynasty.

The Qing Dynasty was all about attitude!



(End of this chapter)