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Chapter 235 Coping with Sudden Myocardial Infarction
Acute myocardial infarction is due to coronary atherosclerosis, thrombosis, or continuous coronary artery spasm, resulting in coronary artery or branch occlusion, resulting in myocardial necrosis due to persistent ischemia and hypoxia.

This disease is more common in the elderly. It is a sudden and dangerous emergency, but various aura symptoms often appear before the onset.Such as conscious precordial swelling discomfort, dull pain, dull pain sometimes radiates to the arm or neck, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath and cold sweat.At this time, physical activity should be stopped immediately, and the excitement should be calmed down to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption. At the same time, fast-acting vasodilators such as nitroglycerin tablets or isoamyl nitrite can be taken orally, and some patients can avoid myocardial infarction.

When acute myocardial infarction occurs, the patient feels severe and persistent pain in the substernal or precordial area, some patients do not feel severe chest pain, or have sudden severe pain in the upper abdomen due to myocardial inferior wall ischemia, but other symptoms will appear In more severe cases, rest and fast-acting vasodilators do not relieve the pain.If there is no rescuer around, the patient himself should call for help immediately, dial 120 emergency number or the number of a nearby hospital.Before rescue arrives, you can take a deep breath and then cough hard. The chest pressure and vibration produced by it are the same as the chest compressions in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. At this time, coughing hard can buy time for follow-up treatment and is an effective self-rescue method.

Medical statistics show that the first few hours of myocardial infarction is the most dangerous period, and about 2/3 of patients die before seeking medical treatment.At this time, moving the patient in a hurry, carrying or supporting the patient to barely walk to the hospital will increase the burden on the heart, expand the scope of myocardial infarction, and even lead to the death of the patient.

Therefore, it is very important for the patient to maintain a calm mood during first aid. Family members or rescuers should not panic. They should rescue the patient on the spot, let the patient lie down slowly and rest, minimize unnecessary body position changes, and immediately give 10 mg of diazepam orally. At the same time call an ambulance or a doctor to come to rescue.

During the waiting period, if the patient has pale complexion, clammy hands and feet, and rapid heartbeat, it usually indicates that shock has occurred. At this time, the patient can be placed on his back, the feet are raised slightly, and the pillow is removed to improve the cerebral ischemia.If the patient is unconscious and the heart stops beating suddenly, the family members should not pick him up and shake him to call, but should immediately take the first aid measures of punching the precordial area to make him beat again.

If it does not work, immediately perform chest heart compression and mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration until the doctor arrives.

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Patients with coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, or those with risk factors for coronary heart disease should try their best to prevent the occurrence of myocardial infarction. Own.

(End of this chapter)