The FBI teaches you lie detection, people reading and intelligence skills

Chapter 13 Principles to be Followed in Polygraph Detection (1)
It is very difficult to identify whether other people's information is true or not.First, the exchange of information between people is a very complex and sometimes disorganized behavior; second, if we cannot overcome our personal biases, preconceived ideas, and wrong perceptions of things, our ability to identify such behaviors will suffer. Big discount.

In order to reduce these serious mistakes, it is necessary to establish a set of rules and analyze the behavior of others according to these rules.These basic rules will become more important as our analysis of deceit syndrome progresses.Here are seven easy-to-remember guidelines that can help you identify when the person you're talking to is under the stress of cheating.

§§§The first section four channels of interpersonal communication
All interpersonal communication and communication is accomplished by four general methods or channels.These include body language (or what we call non-verbal communicative behaviour), voice quality, speech content and other subtle, fleeting information known as "microexpression signals".

Body language (non-verbal channel) is the most important way of interpersonal communication, and its proportion accounts for about 65% of the total output of interpersonal information communication.Nonverbal communicative behavior is also known as "body language," a term first used by Professor Ray L. Birdwitsell of the University of Louisville in the early 20s.The remaining 50% of the interpersonal communication style is made up of the remaining channels, namely voice quality, utterance content and micro-expression signals.

We respond to our external environment and its multitude of stimuli on two levels—the mental (or cognitive) level and the emotional level.Responses were expressed through four channels, namely body language, voice quality, utterance content and micro-expression signals.Our emotional and psychological responses through which all interpersonal communication consists of four very common ways or channels.These include body language (or what we call non-verbal communicative behaviour), voice quality, speech content and other subtle, fleeting information known as "microexpression signals".

In a person's life, this quartet may not always be in harmony, and deceit can be compared to the disorder of one or more members of this quartet.In more complicated cases, it might even be possible that each member is playing his own version of the piece, and we, the unfortunate conductors, have to conduct the performance without the aid of a score.

One can imagine how much unpleasant noise was made at this concert.Likewise, when we try to deceive and deceive others with lies, we upset the delicate balance of our own communication systems, and our control over the output of information can have disastrous consequences.It is during these "AC mismatches" that important, information-containing signals are generated.These signals can tell us that a person is under severe emotional and mental stress, and can also help us identify deception and deception in the communication of information.

When forced to lie, our attitude toward the very act of lying will make it more difficult to control our information output.When you lie, you can control your own mental processes to a certain extent. The FBI cites two scenarios to examine: one is that I do something wrong and I'm worried that others will find out about my actions; the other is that I sell you something, or make an offer to fix your roof.In both scenarios, for fear that you will discover my deceit, I will try to edit my alibi or justification in advance.I try to imagine every question you might have and prepare the answers ahead of time.Unfortunately, in real life, I'm never quite ready, and there's always the possibility that you'll ask me a question that I never thought of, or in a way that I didn't expect.So, I had to improvise.In this case, first I must firmly remember the statement made earlier, so that the extemporaneous question and answer will not conflict with it.At the same time, I also need to have a good measure of my deceitful behavior, so as to leave room for future survival of lies.For a person under stress, trying to do this can be quite difficult.

Just as we need to carefully prepare our mental reactions, we also need to carefully prepare our emotional reactions.Unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to prepare emotional responses in advance.No matter how well prepared we are mentally, it is almost impossible to predict how we will feel when that moment actually arrives.Compounding the problem is the simultaneous need to coordinate emotional and cognitive responses in an effort to keep each other in balance to avoid being seen through.Beyond that, additional considerations can make it more difficult to avoid behavioral imbalances.

When we decide to cheat, I always have other concerns about the lie that will occupy my mind and influence my behavior when I actually cheat.One of the concerns is the fear of being found out, in other words, what if someone finds out that we are lying?This brings us back to a topic we've touched on before.The reason why we mislead or deceive others.The reason for this is the fear of punishment, or the expectation of some form of reward, or a certain degree of fear of tense situations.Among these concerns, the most worrying thing is the possible consequences of lying. Do you feel that this situation is becoming more and more complicated.When a person lies, he faces a myriad of mental and emotional problems that a keen observer relies on to identify deceitful behavior.

A cheater's perception of himself also affects his cheating behavior.For some cheaters, they do feel guilty about their lying, which can develop into feelings of guilt.In fact, most people experience feelings of guilt or remorse for their deceitful actions.This feeling of guilt, or regret, affects four channels of interpersonal communication and provides us with useful signals to identify deceitful behavior.

Interestingly, some people experience pleasure and pleasure when they lie.This feeling is called "the joy of fooling others".This kind of person regards deception as a game, and when he finds out that others have actually believed his Wong You-nam, he will experience an incomparable pleasure from it, which is the so-called "joy of fooling others".But, like the guilt, he had trouble keeping the elation under control.At this time, his surging emotions will be expressed in four channels.

It is very difficult to identify whether other people's information is true or not.First, the exchange of information between people is a very complex and sometimes disorganized behavior; second, if we cannot overcome our personal biases, preconceived ideas, and wrong perceptions of things, our ability to identify such behaviors will suffer. Big discount.If we hope to overcome these obstacles, we must analyze carefully to reduce the risk of misinterpreting others' honesty.There is nothing worse than misunderstood an honest person, and of course, no one wants to be deceived.

In order to reduce these serious mistakes, we must establish a set of rules and analyze the behavior of others according to these rules.These basic rules will become more important as our analysis of deceit syndrome progresses.Here are seven easy-to-remember guidelines that can help you identify when the person you're talking to is under the stress of cheating.He will be of great benefit at critical moments when the credibility of the other side must be determined.Of course, whether to use it to enhance communication skills and improve interpersonal relationships should be determined according to the circumstances.

§§§Section [-] Principle [-]: Normality Principle

The principle of normality refers to the determination of a person's normal behavior or normal behavior as a prerequisite for identifying other important behaviors.If someone's behavior deviates from his usual emotional or mental state, then we can use this as a basis to judge that this person is lying.There is only one way to identify whether there are obvious changes in the behavior patterns of people around you, and that is to have a fuller understanding of their normal behavior patterns.

A person's normality is the benchmark against which we judge.Our consequent judgments about this person's communications—whether genuine or deceptive—will be compared against this benchmark.There are several ways to help us determine the normality of the subjects we observe.

If we happen to know the subject well, all we have to do is mentally review our experience with him: we can mentally review the person in anger, frustration, stress, excitement, and other stressors. Sex scenes.What does the person's voice sound like in these situations?Can we describe the tone of his voice?Has his volume changed?In these cases, did he gesture?When he speaks, are his sentences clear and short or are he slurred and sluggish, with difficulty producing complete sentences?What's the look on his face?Does he have an exaggerated expression or is he as cold as ice?These are the behavioral traits we need to observe.

Assuming we are not familiar with the subject we are observing, we may have just bumped into him or had limited contact with him in the past.So how do you get some idea of ​​what's normal for this person?In this case, first determine whether you are willing to spend a certain amount of time understanding and observing the normality of this person.Failing to do so, we must run our judgments on the basis of scant evidence at our own risk.

If we want to make accurate judgments about someone's trustworthiness and make sound decisions based on the information we have obtained, then efficiently using time to find and determine his normality is the first step we need to take.All we need to do is start a discussion with this person about some non-critical topics, preferably not related to the things you care about the most.Talk to him about family, sports, the weather, movies, or better yet, let the person talk about himself.The subject of our observation is, of course, all too familiar with the subject, and by discussing it we can safely put him at ease.In addition, you can learn about the person's background and get an initial impression of his personality.It is always instructive to hear a man talk about himself, to hear him spout out what he thinks other people should know.We can listen to him talk about his successes and failures, talk about his personal hobbies, which can help us understand his concerns and give us some insight into him.We can also benefit from talking to him about other people, such as his friends, business partners, or members of his family.All in all, if you want to know if someone is honestly engaging with you, it's better to listen and observe patiently than to talk yourself out.How can you tell if a public figure is lying?This may be our concern.He may be running, and we are hesitant to vote for him.Of course, it's also possible that we're just interested in his stance.How do politicians, actors, sports stars, business tycoons, or whatever, who have been made transparent by the media, get any idea of ​​their normality?
It will certainly be difficult for us to find the right time and place to study the normality of these characters.However, the media will give us the opportunity to analyze and study the subjects we observe through their interviews.It might be a good thing that someone else is talking and interacting with this person instead of us.All we have to do is sit down, watch, listen, and focus.The more often a person is seen in public, the more opportunities we have to observe him in different situations and use this as a basis to build a model of his normality.But we must never rely on pre-arranged scenes such as commercials, political campaigns, infomercials, and the like.At a press conference, the newspapers are free to ask any questions they want. At this time, the objects we observe have more randomness. Careful observation of such scenes will make our evaluation results more accurate .Television newsmagazines, news surveys, or openly discussed talk shows can provide more realistic samples and help us identify the normality of the subjects we observe.You don't have to worry if a person is always well-dressed in public.As long as a man wants to deceive others, no matter how many times he rehearses in advance, he is bound to show himself in some way.Of course, keep in mind that in fact no one can identify all the characteristics of another person's lying at a glance, so what we have to do is to find as many flaws as possible in order to make an accurate and accurate assessment of the person's credibility. sound judgment.

§§§ Section [-] Principle [-]: Consistency Principle

A consistent response to sensitive events is an important hallmark of deceitful behavior.

To detect deceit, the observer can look for deviations from the normal state of the observed.However, not any change indicates that he is cheating, it may just be that he is under pressure and acting out of order.When the other person tries to lie to us, the emotions the other person really feels and the emotions he wants to show us will conflict with each other and directly lead to changes in his normal behavior.When the other party is lying, for the purpose of covering up, he will always try to control his emotions as much as possible, unless he has adapted to lying or accepted lying.When asked about a certain topic, he always had a negative reaction; when faced with other irrelevant topics, he did not encounter this kind of reaction.

We know that no isolated, individual behavior can prove that a person is lying, we must rely on the collective behavioral symptoms.If the subject under discussion is sensitive to the subject and the subject tries to conceal his deception in this respect, we will get a certain type of reaction from him every time we bring up the subject.However, this does not mean that every time the subject is brought up, the subject will show a completely consistent behavior pattern, or a combination of various behavior patterns.What we're looking for is a relatively stable combination of behavioral patterns that our subjects exhibit when it comes to the topic.This helps our observations to be less affected by accidental events.

Through research, it is found that within a certain period of time, the subject of deceitful behavior always makes continuous responses to sensitive topics and sensitive events.Confronted with these sensitive topics and sensitive events, the cheater will continue to display some form of nervousness or other signs of cheating behavior, which allows us to test the person in other topics and areas related to these sensitive topics. study.If we find that there is always a negative reaction from the observed within a particular domain, we know that is the domain where deceit is most likely to be hidden.However, after a period of time, the strength of the cheater's response in this suspicious area is likely to weaken.At this time, even continuing to discuss this topic may not produce any further information than just now.

The FBI once cited such an example:

George is the manager of Human Resources, whose job it is to vet job applicants and select the right people for his company.George now needed to find someone with extensive work experience, rigorous training, and a degree.George would interview the applicant, review his application, and learn about his degree and previous work experience.

However, every time George brought up the question, the candidate began to hem and haw and try to avoid George's question, and the candidate's body language changed significantly.These combined signals suggest that the candidate is most likely hiding something, whether he never completed his degree, or whether he made an exaggerated statement about his job abilities and previous work experience.All George had to do was to follow the thread and find out what had caused such an uncanny change in the man's behavior.

(End of this chapter)