Super top students: the most efficient learning method for top students

Chapter 38 Let the pen in your hand blossom into brilliant flowers (2)
When writing a detailed outline, you can summarize the time, place, environment, materials to be quoted, beginning and end, transitional responses, etc., in concise language.Writing a detailed outline is naturally more troublesome than writing a simple outline, but with a detailed outline, it may be easier to write an essay.

Before writing a composition, writing a good outline is a good way to effectively improve your writing level.Mr. Lao She said: "With the outline, you will have a bottom line in your heart, and it will be logical to write; it will be troublesome first, and it will save trouble later."

Mr. Ye Shengtao also said: "The habit of writing the outline first has been developed, and it will be used for a lifetime, and it is not only manifested in writing." Therefore, we must develop the good habit of carefully writing the outline of the composition before writing the composition.

Three effective ways to practice writing an essay outline:

One is "multiple outlines in one article": this means that when faced with a topic, you can strive to list more outlines (including those of different styles), which can effectively cultivate your imagination and association ability, and broaden the breadth of thinking and depth;

The second is "multiple texts in one outline": first write an outline with one topic, set up the frame, and then change another topic, still use the original frame to expand, just change the material, which can exercise the flexibility of thinking sex;
The third is to try to design several unexpected outlines.This of course refers to writing narratives (including prose, stories, etc.).

In addition, with the above three methods of practicing writing outlines, and then spending some time expanding them into several compositions (it is not necessary to expand each outline into writing), the effect is more ideal.

Accumulate writing materials in life
Accumulation is the foundation of writing. The thicker the accumulation, the more foundation the writing will have, and the articles will be deeply rooted and flourishing.

If you ask primary and middle school students which homework gives them a headache, I am afraid that many of them will answer in unanimous agreement: "It is a composition class."

Yes, it is difficult to write a composition. Many students feel that their heads are empty when they get a topic. They don’t know what to write. The rule is to write 500 words. The sentences written are dry, lacking in words, and the whole text is just a running account; some bite the bullet and talk about big words, empty words, stereotypes, and lies, which makes them feel uncomfortable; some students can't grasp it. In the center, like Zhu Bajie stepping on the watermelon rind, he slipped away and figured out where to go, only to realize that he was digressing after writing...

If you can't write a good composition, the first is the problem of materials.There is no goods in the stomach, and naturally there is no writing in the pen.Many master writers are quick in writing, the very important reason is that they have a rich material library in their minds, and when they write articles, they can be handy and have both ways.Students have mastered a wealth of composition materials. When writing, there will be things to describe, people to write, scenes to imitate, and emotions to express. Difficulties in composition can be transformed into ease, and psychological fear can be transformed into love.

Materials come from accumulation. If students want to write a good composition, they must make great efforts to accumulate composition materials.So, how to accumulate materials?

(1) Observe things carefully and collect writing materials.

Once in the composition class, some students often have nothing to say and no way to write.After much deliberation, I still imitate and copy those old themes, but they lack new ideas.To solve this problem, you should encourage yourself to develop a good habit of conscious observation, and record what you see, hear, think, and feel at any time, even if it is just a rough outline, it is also helpful for writing a good composition.

(2) Participate in practical activities and accumulate fresh materials.

Students write essays based on what they hear, see, think of and personally experience, and there are differences in the essays they write.Among them, the content of personal experience is very specific, while the articles written from other angles seem a little thin.The key to the reason is that what you have experienced has real feelings, something to say, and something to write, so students can participate in some colorful and meaningful activities, such as visits, visits, tours, DIY practical activities, to accumulate more It is necessary to have good writing materials and write excellent compositions.

(3) Strengthen reading in and out of class, and accumulate good words and sentences.

Reading is the basis of writing. If the basic skills of reading are not good, it is impossible to write a high-level composition. Therefore, students should read more books suitable for themselves, and take good reading notes, and write down the good words in the book. The good sentences are excerpted, sorted in the notebook, and enriched into the article when composing, so that the article will be more beautiful.

(4) Focus on the little things and capitalize on the small things.

Composition or diary, it is not necessarily a good article to write about major events that everyone knows, as long as it is meaningful and can have a certain impact on yourself or others, the purpose of writing has been achieved.Although the incident is small, the problems reflected and the truth revealed are not small.

(5) Accumulate materials with flexible and diversified forms.

You can write your own observations, practice, and extracurricular readings into a diary, or organize them on cards, and then make loose-leaf pages and thread them; you can also prepare a document bag or folder for accumulating writing materials, and store the collected valuable materials Store them in different categories, and when you are writing a composition, go inside and search by category...

Of course, there are far more ways to accumulate writing materials than these. I hope that students will continue to explore and use them flexibly in the process of learning, but no matter what, they must write with true feelings.

In addition, when students are accumulating writing materials, they can spread out a certain "surface" and collect them widely. They can also list several topics first, such as ideals, ambitions, morality, sentiments, learning methods, famous sayings, scientific world, etc., to orientate themselves. accumulation.

No matter which method is used to accumulate, there are two points that should be paid special attention to.First, when the accumulation reaches a certain stage, it needs to be classified and sorted out, and it must not be made into a pot of porridge. If the clues are not clear, no matter how good the materials are, it will be difficult to use them in a timely and sufficient manner; The value, commentary, and experience are also really unique. If the general ones are picked up in the "warehouse", they will be miscellaneous and drown the "treasures", and they will not become a treasure house of writing.

When students are accumulating writing materials, they must persevere and persevere. It is impossible to be productive for three days of fishing and two days of netting.Those famous writers have all worked hard in accumulation.For example, Gu Yanwu, a university scholar in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and Liang Qichao, a modern scholar, all made great efforts in accumulating reading.The famous British science fiction writer Jules Verne wrote hundreds of reading notes and extracted thousands of cards in order to accumulate writing materials.

"It's hard for a clever woman to cook without rice", without materials, without a little ink, it is impossible to write a composition.Therefore, we must learn and be good at accumulating writing materials.In this way, the pen in our hands will bloom brilliantly, and we will no longer have to worry about composition, and we will also enjoy the endless fun during it.

The "six-character" method of accumulating writing materials:

1 Excerpt: Extract beautiful sentences and paragraphs such as words, famous sayings, epigrams, typical examples, and descriptions of scenery.

2 cut: newspaper clipping.

3 Thinking: When reading a text, write down the words and sentences that you don't understand, so that you can look it up in the dictionary or ask the teacher.

4 Notes: Record the composition class taught by the teacher or the knowledge about writing that is usually taught in time.

5 Senses: Write the inspiration and education of the article into fragments.

6-way: compare the information collected from various places with each other, and integrate them by category.

Be good at observation and discover the beauty of the world with your eyes

Life is the source of writing materials, observation is the gateway to writing, and all external information can enter the brain only through observation.Only those who love life and are good at observing can discover many materials to write from life and have a strong desire to write.

Students have to solve two problems when writing a composition: one is "what to write", that is, the content; the other is "how to write", that is, the form.When many students write a composition, they often feel that there is nothing to write, and they have no way to write, or they finish writing in a few words, but it is very empty and tasteless.

To write a good composition, you must first have specific content.Only when students have seen and heard something can they think and feel something, write specific content, and write true feelings.Content comes from life.Only with life can we achieve "speaking with substance".The purpose of the teacher's composition questions is to let the students express in words the meaningful content of what they see, hear, and think.

The richer students' lives are, the more substantial their essays will be.Now, the life of students cannot be said to be rich.Schools, families, and society are everywhere where students go about their activities, and our lives are everywhere.

If we don’t observe these rich and colorful lives, we will turn a blind eye and listen to them, and it will be impossible to turn them into rich content and valuable materials for our own writing.On the contrary, if we can make an in-depth and comprehensive observation of life, then we can accumulate a large amount of rich writing materials, so that our usual writing can be both right and left, and become more comfortable.

Gu Boxuan, who once won the second prize of the "National Youth Literature Summer Camp Essay Competition" with "A Corner of the Campus", said when talking about writing: "After my composition won the award, many students asked me if I had any tips for writing. What to say The trick can only be attributed to paying attention to life and paying attention to observation.”

"My mother is a biology teacher. Perhaps influenced by my mother, I have liked to raise some flowers and small animals since I was a child. Out of my liking for them, I often admire them quietly, so I developed an obsessive mind Habit. As I grow older, every person, every thing, every scene, every event, and even every plant and tree are the objects of my observation. Since entering the third grade, the teacher asked us to keep keeping a diary every day. So, I put what I learned from these observations into I wrote them all in my diary, so I practiced my writing every day, and my composition level improved really fast.

"The teacher took us to the small garden for observation in order to let us write this essay on the scenery well. Facing the scenery in front of me, I quickly wrote the composition "A Corner of the Campus" and won an award. I I thought, maybe this is the reason why I pay attention to observation and insist on keeping a diary every day!"

So, how to cultivate good observation habits?The most effective way to do this is to keep an observation diary.Developing the habit of observation is a long-term process that requires constant observation.This requires us to use our unique vision and keen observation ability to pay attention to the things around us anytime, anywhere in our daily life, and to be caring people in life. After we get used to it, we will develop good observation habits.

Writing an observation diary is a very important part of cultivating our observation ability.Practice has proved that students with strong writing ability are generally students with strong observation ability and more accumulated materials.Those students who feel that they have nothing to say are often the ones who don't pay attention to various things.Some things, such as the scenery of the four seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter, wind, rain, thunder and lightning, etc., none of us have experienced before, but if these scenes are not used in the composition of the topic, I am afraid that few people will pay attention to it, and when suddenly writing this topic, Of course it is difficult for us to write.

As the famous writer Lao She said: "Remember every day and form a habit. When there is a gust of wind, you will write it down; when it rains, you will also write it down. Because one day, you will need to describe a gust of wind or a gust of rain in your works. If you don't have this kind of accumulation, you won't be able to write richly." This is his experience, and it makes sense.

This is also the truth of what the ancients said "accumulate thickly but grow thinly".Isn't this just like some performing arts? "Ten years of work off stage, 1 minute on stage." But if there is no such "ten years of work" that you usually observe carefully, how can you write that crucial "one minute"?

Develop a good habit of observation, through careful observation of life, we can distinguish the truth, goodness, beauty and falsehood, evil and ugliness of things, we will have our own understanding and thinking about life; Expressive expressions, write good articles that are specific, vivid and have deep ideological connotations.Isn't composition teaching just to cultivate our ability to choose words and make sentences, arrange and plan essays, observe things, and analyze things?Starting from cultivating our observation ability and good observation habits is also a good way to achieve the purpose of composition teaching.

The ancients said: "You can't watch the crane dance without writing, and you can enjoy the flowers without knots in poetry." This points out the important role of "observation" in composition.Composition writing is an abstract thinking activity, but it comes from concrete observation and practice. If you don't have personal experience in real life, of course you can't write the actual content, so you have to use empty words and formulaic words to make up the composition.There are endless mysteries in nature. Only by carefully observing, analyzing and researching, constantly expanding our horizons and exercising our eyesight, can we paint pictures that accurately and truly reflect the ever-changing scenes of nature.

At the same time, this also allows us to continuously enrich our "material warehouse", and we can choose to use it when writing different compositions, and we can take it out whenever we need it, fundamentally getting rid of the dilemma of "cooking without rice".

Learn to master the following correct observation methods:
(1) For each observation activity, it is necessary to set a clear purpose and direction, and pre-determine the observation tasks to ensure that the observation is comprehensive, detailed, clear and profound.

(2) Looking at things from only one angle and aspect is tantamount to a blind man feeling an elephant.Teachers and parents should inspire and encourage children to try to look at the same problem from another angle and another concept.By breaking the stereotyped thinking, more problems can be discovered, and stronger observation interest and ability will be generated.

(3) Pay attention to details and observe problems that others have not discovered. Over time, a good habit of diligent observation, careful observation, and good observation will be formed.

(4) Move the pen frequently to record the observation situation at any time, which is conducive to sorting out and saving the observation results for use.

(5) When observing, think while watching, learn to distinguish between primary and secondary, essence and phenomenon, and your observation ability will be improved from it.

(End of this chapter)